Orbital Conditions in Pets
The orbit is the bony and soft tissue structure surrounding the eye, housing the muscles, nerves, blood vessels, glands, and connective tissues that support normal eye function. When orbital disease affects this delicate area, pets may experience pain, swelling, discharge, or noticeable changes in how the eye appears or moves within the socket. Diseases of the orbit may include inflammatory or infectious conditions, or cancerous masses. At VEC NYC, we conduct a thorough ophthalmic examination, often pairing it with advanced diagnostics and imaging to determine the underlying cause and develop the most appropriate treatment plan for each patient. This may include referral or consultation with additional specialists such as internists or oncologists.
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Orbital Abscesses & Infection
Orbital abscesses and infections occur when bacteria or other pathogens invade the tissues behind the eye, often secondary to dental disease, penetrating wounds, foreign material, or systemic infection. Because the orbit is a confined space, inflammation and fluid buildup can quickly lead to:
- Pain when opening the mouth
- Forward displacement of the eye
- Swelling around the eye or face
- Discharge and redness
- Lethargy and fever
Prompt diagnosis is essential. At the Veterinary Eye Center, we perform a comprehensive ophthalmic examination and may recommend advanced imaging (such as a CT scan) and laboratory testing to determine the source and severity of infection.
Treatment may include:
- Systemic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications
- Drainage of the abscess
- Surgical exploration of the orbit
- Collaboration with your primary care veterinarian or a dental specialist if a tooth root abscess is involved
Early intervention helps relieve pain, prevent spread of infection, and protect vision.
Orbital Tumors
Tumors of the orbit can arise from the tissues behind the eye or spread from surrounding structures. These growths may be benign or malignant and often cause progressive changes such as:
- Forward displacement of the eye
- Swelling around the orbit
- Decreased eye movement
- Vision changes
- Ocular pain or discharge
Because the orbit contains muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue in close proximity, tumors can significantly impact comfort and function of the eye. These tumors often require referral for a CT scan to assess the size, location, and nature of the mass. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment options may include:
- Surgical removal
- Biopsy and histopathologic evaluation
- Referral for oncology consultation
- Adjunctive radiation or chemotherapy when indicated
Early evaluation allows us to determine the most appropriate course of action and discuss prognosis and long-term management.
Orbital Myositis
Orbital myositis is an inflammatory condition affecting the muscles surrounding the eye, most commonly seen in dogs. It is often immune-mediated and can develop suddenly, leading to:
- Painful swelling around both eyes
- Protrusion of the eyes
- Difficulty opening or closing the mouth
- Reluctance to eat due to jaw discomfort
In many cases, both eyes are affected simultaneously. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and may be supported by imaging and blood testing. Treatment typically involves:
- Systemic corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive medications
- Careful monitoring and gradual tapering of medication
- Long-term management in recurrent cases
With timely diagnosis and appropriate therapy, many pets respond well and experience significant improvement in comfort and function.